Lutein
Lutein is a yellow carotenoid pigment found in leafy greens such as kale and spinach and in egg yolk. It collects in the macula, the central part of the retina.
Free lutein, esters and combination formulas
Supplements contain free lutein or lutein esters, a form attached to fatty acids; their absorption appears comparable. Many use marigold extracts. The form name is less informative than whether the complete product matches the question being studied. 1 2
Why an “eye health” label is not enough
The AREDS2 formula listed by the US National Eye Institute contains lutein 10 mg, zeaxanthin 2 mg, vitamin C 500 mg, vitamin E 400 IU, copper 2 mg and zinc 80 mg. A product containing lutein alone is a different intervention. The German consumer authority also notes that no EU health claims are authorized for lutein itself; wording on a blend may refer to another ingredient. 2 3