Sperm Motility

What does sperm motility tell you?

Motility describes sperm movement. A semen analysis also assesses sperm number and shape, so movement is one part of the investigation rather than the whole answer. 1

Is there a pass-or-fail number?

The EAU lists lower reference values of 42% for total motility and 30% for progressive motility, meaning forward movement. These are reference limits from a fertile population, not a dividing line between fertile and infertile people. An individual result needs interpretation alongside other findings and the partner’s reproductive health. 2

Why a second sample can matter

NICE recommends a confirmatory test after an abnormal first semen analysis, ideally about three months later. A severely reduced sperm count or no sperm calls for earlier repeat testing. This is a diagnostic interval, not a promise that a supplement will work in three months. 3

Why zinc findings need careful reading

A 2016 review found lower seminal zinc levels among infertile men and improvements in motility after zinc supplementation. The motility analysis largely compared measurements before and after treatment, with substantial differences between studies. It cannot establish that low zinc causes infertility or that supplements increase the chance of a live birth. 4

ZincToo little evidence

The semen findings are a research signal, not a demonstrated fertility treatment for everyone with reduced motility. 4

What happened when an antioxidant blend was tested?

MOXI enrolled 174 men with abnormal semen measures or elevated sperm DNA damage. A blend including zinc, selenium, and vitamins did not improve motility versus placebo after three months. Live-birth results also showed no clear benefit, but early stopping left the trial too small for a definitive answer on births. 5

Selenium in a combinationToo little evidence

MOXI tested several ingredients together, so it cannot isolate selenium’s individual effect. 5

Where that leaves supplements

The EAU advises against routinely using antioxidants for infertility without an identified cause. It also identifies smoking, obesity, low activity, and high alcohol intake as factors associated with poorer sperm quality. A supplement discussion belongs within that broader assessment. 2

More zinc is not a fertility strategy

Germany’s BfR proposes a maximum of 6.5 mg zinc per daily serving of a supplement. For products providing more than 3.5 mg, it recommends a warning against taking additional zinc supplements. These product-safety proposals are not treatment doses. 6

When to seek help

The NHS recommends a fertility assessment after a year of regular unprotected sex without conception, or six months if the partner is 36 or older. Testing both partners helps guide the next step. 1

Scope of this review

Ashwagandha, mucuna, tribulus, and other directory ingredients are not evaluated here.

Questions people ask