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DIM

DIM (diindolylmethane) is a compound formed when indole-3-carbinol, found in cruciferous vegetables such as broccoli and cabbage, breaks down.

Also listed as Diindolylmethane

Women's HormonesHair & SkinLongevityOrgan Function

Does DIM balance hormones?

In a randomized trial of 130 women prescribed tamoxifen, 150 mg twice daily for 12 months changed the ratio of urinary estrogen metabolites and increased sex hormone-binding globulin. Breast density did not change. These measurements do not establish relief of menstrual or other hormone-related symptoms. 1

Estrogen BalanceToo little evidence

Changes in estrogen metabolism have been measured, but they do not establish a general hormone-balancing benefit. 1 2

Does it help abnormal cervical cells?

A trial analyzed 551 women with low-grade cervical abnormalities after six months of 150 mg daily or placebo. DIM was unlikely to improve cytology or HPV infection; uncertainty remained about higher-grade lesions. Germany’s 2020 S3 guideline found insufficient evidence to recommend complementary treatment for cervical dysplasia. 3 4

Can it prevent or treat prostate cancer?

A systematic review found early studies of molecular targets and prostate markers, but no established clinical efficacy for preventing or treating prostate cancer. Those preliminary findings do not demonstrate improved survival or symptom control. 5

Prostate HealthToo little evidence

Early prostate studies do not establish prevention or treatment benefit. 5

What does this profile not establish?

This profile does not evaluate DIM as a treatment for acne, menstrual symptoms, liver disease, or skin aging.

Effects by health goal

Open an effect to see the studies behind its rating. Bars show the size of the effect; the letter grades the evidence.

Adverse findings

Ratings where the reported effect was unfavourable.

Estrogen SupportWomen's HormonesNo effectFNo linked study

No study is linked to this rating.

Rated by SuppCoEvidence record

All studies

11 publications are linked to DIM, newest first.

Unveiling the Multifaceted Pharmacological Actions of Indole-3-Carbinol and Diindolylmethane: A Comprehensive Review2025Anti-Cancer and Other Biological Effects of a Dietary Compound 3,3ʹ-Diindolylmethane Supplementation: A Systematic Review of Human Clinical Trials20203,3-Diindolylmethane (DIM): a nutritional intervention and its impact on breast density in healthy BRCA carriers. A prospective clinical trial2020Oxidative stress, aging, and diseases2018Effect of Diindolylmethane on Estrogen-related Hormones, Metabolites and Tamoxifen Metabolism: Results of a Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial2017Anti-androgenic activity of absorption-enhanced 3, 3'-diindolylmethane in prostatectomy patients.20163,3'-diindolylmethane modulates estrogen metabolism in patients with thyroid proliferative disease: a pilot study.2011Chemopreventive properties of indole-3-carbinol, diindolylmethane and other constituents of cardamom against carcinogenesis.20103,3′-Diindolylmethane Modulates Estrogen Metabolism in Patients with Thyroid Proliferative Disease: A Pilot StudyChemopreventive properties of 3,3′-diindolylmethane in breast cancer: evidence from experimental and human studiesEvaluating Common Ingredients Contained in Dietary Acne Supplements: An Evidence-Based Review

Sources